Legal Aspects Of U.s. Health Care Systems Administration

Legal Aspects of U.S. Health Care Systems Administration Professionalism in health care is of utmost importance, because it involves the delicate relationship between the caregiver, patient, and patient’s family. Patients often confront illness, social disruption, or any other life-changing event and are more often than not presented in a very vulnerable position. They expect healthcare professionals to handle their needs in an expert professional manner. â€Å"As a member of this profession, a physician must recognize responsibility to patients first and foremost, as well as to society, to other health professionals, and to self.† (Pozgar, 2012) This is why professional conduct plays such a critical role in today’s healthcare setting. The rapport established between the medical professional and patient is fundamental in providing success to the diagnosis and overall care of the patient. Patients are the most important individuals to any hospital system. Consumer awareness is at an all-time high, and the health care sector is not exempt from scrutiny. Ensuring patient satisfaction has become a strong focal point of many hospitals; they want patients to have a stellar experience from check-in. Overall, patient satisfaction is the key to maintaining a harmonious hospital-patient relationship. â€Å"A patient’s expression of satisfaction or dissatisfaction is a judgment on the quality of hospital care in all of its aspects. Whatever its strengths and limitations, patientShow MoreRelatedLegal Aspects Of U.s. Health Care System Administration1930 Words   |  8 PagesLegal Aspects of U.S. Health Care System Administration Martha L. Johnson Strayer University Professor: Anna Marie Miller Abstract This paper explores the importance of professionalism, ethical standards, professional conduct, and the importance of each in the health care system. These roles can have a positive or negative effect, or become determining factors for patients or individuals when choosing a health care facility. As the top administration of Well Care Hospital, it is myRead MoreLegal Aspects to U.S. Health Care System Administration1244 Words   |  5 PagesLegal Aspects of U. S. Health Care System Administration Lillie Cox Dr. A. M. Miller HSA 515 Health Care Policy, Law, and Ethics October 31, 2014 Legal Aspects of U. S. Health Care System Administration In the United States health care administration, there are lots of health laws, such as federal, state and local. The administrator will need to know these laws, because they will be interacting with top professionals at all levels. 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Also, the article hypothesizes what would become of the aforementioned services in the absence of a public administration system. The means by which public administration achieves its goals and the responsibilitiesRead MoreCritical Reflection : The Euthanasia Debate1652 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Reflection: The Euthanasia Debate Medical advancements and improved living conditions worldwide have increased the life span of our population (U.S. Department of State, 2015). As a result, many individuals are now living with degenerative or chronic ailments that require increased support (Vissers et al., 2013). Unfortunately, these illnesses often come with a â€Å"diminished quality of life† (Butler, Tiedemann, Nicol, Valiquet, 2013). These issues have brought forth the euthanasia debate

Compensation Package Proposal Free Essays

Compensation is a very important aspect of the employee of a company; it seems important a well-defined compensation package is in place. â€Å"Compensation involves direct cash payments, indirect payments in the form of employee benefits, and incentives to motivate employees to strive for higher levels of productivity. † (Cascio, 2010, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Compensation Package Proposal or any similar topic only for you Order Now 413) It seems a compensation package will be different for each different career type but must always meet the needs of the employees and the organization. A proposal for a total compensation package for the information technology employees of Wal-Mart needs to be written. This proposal will include a description of the job group, a salary table for specific positions, a placement policy, benefits packages, and the way the plan is implemented by the organization. Job Group Information Technology Employees Information technology seems to be a field with rapid growth; according to Taylor (2010), careers in the IT world expects to grow 32% by 2018. It appears every company has some kind of computer related work involved to help the company succeed. â€Å"A strong background in the technical fundamentals of computer science and programming languages like Java, Microsoft. NET, and C++ are obviously important for success in the field. But a creative brain and an ambition to stay updated on the newest advances in the field — whether through books or training — are also key† (Taylor, 2010, para. 4). Information Technology also involves strong communication with others, creativity, the ability to work in a team, and a strong undergraduate background. Although much knowledge is need to succeed in IT, it appears the pay scale and advancement opportunities will pay off. Positions within this area of work include cyber-security, graphic design, technology architects, web page developers, and software engineers. Wal-Mart seems to be in search for technology employees. Technology is use in Wal-Mart to run the global market. Wal-Mart (2012) states that â€Å"[The company] is focused on developing new technologies to transform the way customers’ shop†¦we’re helping to improve operations, back-room systems and Wal-Mart’s world-class logistics network, speeding products to customers across the globe† (para. 1). Wal-Mart’s technology department makes up of 3,500 employees in the United States and 2,000 globally (Wal-Mart, 2012). Wal-Mart (2012) states that a career in the technology department of the company will offer an employee exciting projects, investments in new technology, training, development, and exposure. Wal-Mart seems to offer careers such as Software Quality Engineers, Sr. System Engineers, Software Developers, and Project Managers. Salary Table This salary table is created for the job group and specific positions offered by Wal- Mart. To determine where an employee would fall within the salary category, the guidelines are list below: Minimum- This is the entry level, this means the person fulfills the minimum job requirements. Level A- The employee has the experience and knowledge to master most of the duties in an independent manner. Usually, employees who fall in the Minimum and Level A stage are in their developmental phase because they are still learning. Level B- This employee is highly experience and his or her level of productivity exceeds the job requirements. Employees whose salary fall in an Level A and B are in the maturity phase because they have mastered the skills. Maximum- The employee is continuous producing results that are above the requirements. Employees in the level B and Maximum are in the leadership phase. They have demonstrated superior leadership skills and strong commitment to the organization. ProfileSoftware Quality EngineerMinimumLevel ALevel BMaximum Entry- Level $44,497$49,036$54,023$58,869 Mid- Level$54,498$60,978$68,095$76,144 Senior- Level$70,429$78,825$88,047$96,980 ProfileSystems EngineerMinimumLevel ALevel BMaximum Entry- Level$46, 419$50, 843$55,702$62,267 Mid- Level$56,277$62,815$69,996$77,381 Senior -Level$69,723$77,109$85,221$94,213 ProfileSoftware DevelopersMinimumLevel ALevel BMaximum Entry- Level$41,844$47,393$53,488$59,942 Mid- Level$54,916$62,019$69,821$78,016 Senior- Level$71,549$79,009$87,202$95,965 ProfileProject ManagerMinimumLevel ALevel BMaximum Entry- Level $42,248$50,143$58,815$68,409 Mid- Level$57,560$66,878$77,113$88,150 Senior -Level$70,110$79,759$90,356$102,019 Placement Packages Proper compensation is essential for members, staff, and organization so that it is a field of education and professional title of Employment Placement Specialist. Often times there can be an imbalance of effort in the workplace; qualified candidates need to be met with sufficient recompense. Pay structures can vary by hourly wage, tier, grade, salary or levels. Wal-mart’s employee compensation will be set at hourly rates depending on beginning and intermediate experience level and transition to salary for at the junior and senior levels. The range of experience with respect to compensation is as follows Beginner Zero-Two Years of Experience; High School Diploma or GED IntermediateTwo-Five Years of Experience; High School Diploma or GED; previous work experience; on the job experience Junior Five-Ten Years of Experience; High School Diploma or GED; College Degree; previous work experience; on the job experience Senior 10+ Years of Experience; High School Diploma or GED; College Degree Master’s level; previous work experience; on the job experience Compensation ranges will be discussed during interview process. Once a candidate is select, a definite wage will be set for beginning and intermediate positions. For junior and senior level a series of predetermined work related questions, including levels of education, work experiences, and qualifications will determine the salary offered. Employees will receive medical benefits and bonus or merit packages. Compensation levels and packages will be present to executive staff managers for approval or change, and incorporate necessary changes. In addition communication with HR is necessary for successful implementation and effective monitoring of process along with proper literature. Benefits Package As with any organization, Wal-Mart provides their employees with benefits packages that suit the needs of those who are involve. Some of the most popular benefits are those indirect and not of monetary value the way a salary or hourly pay is. Some of the more popular benefits are insurance, overtime, leave, flexible timing, and retirement. These options are more widely offered because of the long- term benefits of job stability and employee retention. When an employee offers a benefit that they may use in the future or take advantage of more often he or she may be more likely to appreciate his or her position. Perhaps the most important indirect benefit that many people take advantage of is insurance. By having coverage through their employer an individual would not have to worry about finding a third party and paying more for health care costs. â€Å"Insurance coverage, for instance, is often terribly expensive, so the company that offers medical and/or life insurance to employees as part of its benefits package is bestowing significant savings on those employees and their families† (Reference for Business, n. d). If Wal-Mart were to offer their full- time employees coverage that was affordable and widely accepted it is believe that many of their employees would have a better experience with their jobs. Although benefit packages, direct or indirect, are offers to employees as a positive incentive they can create obstacles when accepted. For instance, if an employee considers salary, exempt, they are not required to be paid overtime even if he or she has worked the hours. This might cause a problem between the employee and management because he or she are being overwork for no pay. Being paid overtime considers an indirect benefit because many employees, as with Wal-Mart, are not expected to work more than 40 hours a week. This same kind of issue may arise with an employee choosing to use the company insurance, which is a benefit for him or her. They may have needs, not covered in the policy that provides, and still have to pay more out-of- pocket than expected. The best way to avoid issues with indirect compensation is to be sure everything is explain, in writing, to the employee so that the employer is not at risk in the future of acquiring a fair labor law suit brought upon him or her. Wal-Mart should create a detailed benefits package for their employees to read and sign in acknowledgement. This will ensure that everything is understood and that all questions regarding the indirect compensation are asked and addressed appropriately. Conclusion Compensation was once the foremost attraction to a workplace. People traveled the traditional roadways of education with the ultimate destination of a first-rate job in their field with best reward. Today with elevated unemployment rates, a world crammed with terrorist, cancer, and other illness invasions, natural disasters, and plain old trigger happy citizens; qualified, unqualified, and over qualified candidates alike are seeking two for the price of one. A job to make ends meet while enjoying life and all its positive proffers. Whatever the reason is necessary that organizations meet the needs of its qualified candidates with fair and appropriate compensation be hourly wage, tier, grade, salary or level. Employees which are fairly compensate perform better in the workplace and in their personal lives. Work is not man’s punishment. It is his reward and his strength and his pleasure. † –George Sand ? References Cascio, W. (2010). Managing human resources (8th ed. ). New York , NY: McGraw-Hill. Taylor, M. (2010). The wall street journal. Retrieved from http://online. wsj. com/article/SB10001 424052748704358904575478133397664058. html Reference for Business ( n. d). Employee benefits. Retrieved from http://www. referenceforbusiness. com/small/Di-Eq/Employee-Benefits. html Wal-Mart (2012). Retrieved from http://careers. walmart. com/careers-in-technology/ http://humanresources. about. com How to cite Compensation Package Proposal, Essay examples

Journal The American Society Of Nephrology -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Journal The American Society Of Nephrology? Answer: Introduction A significant role is played by cost accounting in those business organizations which undertake manufacturing operations. The process of cost accounting includes classifying, analyzing, allocating, recoding and evaluation various option regarding course of action so that organizational cost can be controlled. Controlling the cost helps the organization to enhance profitability by reducing the operational cost. There are different kinds of costing systems which are preferred to be implemented by the companies which includes traditional costing system, Activity based costing (ABC) system and other. Another form of costing system is being implemented by the organizations in the contemporary situation, this is known as the Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC). However according to (ker Ad?gzel 2016) one of the most popular method among the organization in relation to cost accounting is the traditional costing method. It has also been stated by Kaplan et al (2014) that the organiza tion are subjected to significant shortcomings in the contemporary period in relation to the application of the Traditional method. Therefore the TDABC had been developed by Robert S. Kaplan and Steven R. Anderson in 2004 for the purpose of addressing the difficulties which are initiated through the Traditional method. The primary objective of the report is to evaluate and analyze the different aspects of TDABC and also suggest whether the implementation of TDABC is suitable or not. According to Cooper (2017) the management consultancy firm has the responsibility of suggesting the client an appropriate approach towards TDABC. The report also suggests features, comparison and description in relation to the diffident types of cost accounting methods (Weygandt, Kimmel Kieso 2015) Client Background Biopharm Australia is a pharmaceutical organization which operates in Australia. The organization has been established in the year 1980 (Schnsleben, 2016). The organization indulges in manufacturing of sulfated polysaccharides which is used for the purpose of making veterinary medicine. These products are used for treating joint diseases in dogs and horses which are non-infectious in nature (Zeng et al., 2014). The organization is licensed through Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) who is the official regulator of veterinary goods. In addition the company also indulges in the manufacturing of other supplies in relation to animal treatment (Cohen, 2014). The organization has to undergo large scale manufacturing process in order to make profit in the competitive market (Bing.com, 2018). Description of TDABC It is depicted through the above description that the process of TDABC has been initiated for the purpose of addressing the short coming of the traditional costing system and the ABC. With respect to the functioning of TDABC the assignment of cost resources is done directly in relation to cost objects through the support of two kinds of estimates. The first estimation is in relation to the cost per time unit towards resources supply capacity with respect to cost activities (Warren Jones 2018). The second estimation is in relation to the time units needed towards performing an activity (Johnson, 2014). There are six steps which have to be complied with in relation to the calculation of cost activities in TDABC. These steps are as follows 1st step- here the activities and services are identified 2nd step- here the total cost in relation to each resource group is estimated 3rd step- here the practical time capacity in relation to each resource group is done 4th step- here the unit cost of each resource group is calculated 5th step- here the time required for every activity is estimated 6th step- here the unit cost is multiplied in relation to every resource group to the estimated time in the activity Features of TDABC In relation to TDABC there are some specific features as it is a particular approach of costing. These are as follows With respect to the process of TDABC it is actually easy for the accountant in order to do the assignment of cost towards the different manufacturing activities. Moreover, the time required in relation to the process is significantly less (ker Ad?gzel, 2016). TDABC can be very easily integrated within the companys available or existing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system which is a huge boost to the process of manufacturing within the firm (Siguenza-Guzman et al., 2014). Through the help provided by the TDABC the monthly income is accurately generated by the production managers in relation to operations (ker Ad?gzel, 2016). The system of costing with respect to TDABC is regarded is having more efficiency as compared to the traditional costing system and the ABC as the manufacturing capacity in relation to the firm is properly utilized by the system (Siguenza-Guzman et al., 2014). Where the TDABC is implemented the production manger is able to effectively forecast the resource demands (ker Ad?gzel, 2016). Fast as well as inexpensive changes can be brought to the costing model through the implementation of TDABC (Siguenza-Guzman et al., 2014). Although small but significantly important sources of information is made available through the integration of TDABC to the managers which is required to address different problems arising from the process of manufacturing (ker Ad?gzel, 2016).. The methods can be implemented with easy and can be put to use in any form of industry (Siguenza-Guzman et al., 2014). The features which have been discussed above clearly depicts that the system of costing is superior to other forms of costing systems. Distinction According to Hardan Shatnawi (2013) there are major differences which the TDABC has is relation to the traditional costing method. In the same way the TDABC also have significant differences with ABC approach. The difference is depicted though the following discussion TDABC v ABC approach In response to an inaccurate method of the American Accounting Standards the ABC had been brought into the system. The major area of concern which is raised in relation to ABC is that its approach considers what has been done instead of which are the expenses (Rajabi Dabiri, 2012). To the contrary the primary area on which the TDABC works is in relation to identifying each departments or process capacity of allocating cost to the capacity of resource group over the cost objective derived from time needed for each activitys performance. With respect to the ABC, different types of cost drivers along with the total cost associated with activities can be depicted. The total cost which is related to an activity is considered as the cost pool and in addition the features through which the performance and cost of cost activities is affected is the cost driver feature of ABC (Hardan Shatnawi, 2013). When it comes to TDABC, where a decline is work demand has been identified in relation to a specific department, the organizational managers are provided support through the process of TDABC towards making an estimation of released quantity of resources (Hill et al., 2015). Therefore through the above discussion it can be implied that various characteristics of cost can be captured by the TDABC with support from the time equation. To the contrary under ABC approach the assignment of indirect cost is done towards the cost activities and subsequently on the cost objectives. Additionally with support from the cost drivers the allocation of indirect expenses is done on the cost activities. The TDABC approach helps the developed equation towards the assignment of time and cost in activities by emphasizing on each activities objective (Emblemsvg Bras, 2012). However where ABC and TDABC are involved the six stage process is used to carry out the calculations. Thus is evident that both the ABC and TDABC are entirely different. Traditional Costing Approach v TDABC The primary point of distinction between Traditional Cost Approach and TDABC is that the former is much more simple as compared to the latter. On one hand with respect to the TCS there is a need of used up resources and cost objectives towards the evaluation of different activities and in the other had when it comes to the TDABC the activities used un cost objective depends upon various cost activities (Rumble, 2012). An organization uses the TDABC system where there is a presence of high number of overheads as well as high amount of miscellaneous products. A need for accurate and highly reliable method in relation to operational cost management exists. On the other hand when it come to the TCS a single overhead pool is used which cannot be utilized for actual cost calculation. The process of TCS includes random cost objects allocation based on machine or labor hours (Cooper, 2017). The situation acts a primary difference between the two systems. The TDABC provides for the inclusion of identifiable products which include the arbitral collection of expenses like depreciation, salaries and others which are identifiable in the TCS. Moreover when to comes to TCS after the production of products have been completed the cost of production is derived by the accountants. On the other hand in TDABC pocket range and feedback from customers is used to determine the production cost. The cost of production is reduced through the implementation of TDABC which enhances the productivity (Cohen, 2014). TDABC application and Suitability The following discussion depicts the suitability of the TDABC in relation to manufacturing companies. One more primary advantage of applying the TDABC is the difference between capacity supplied and capacity used. The way of calculating the time required for continuing different activities and to establish a connection with clear calculation of cost giver strong insight to the mangers towards cost management. Thus in relation to this unused capacity can be reused and the organization may increase its work load (Rumble, 2012). The creation of proper insight is done by the application of TDABC in relation to various cost activities done through the company. A significant role is played towards the strategic decision making process by TDABC for the best results in manufacturing process as compared to the cost associated with the TCS. Thus where TDABC is not present organization would not be able to evaluate the effect of single activities on profitability. In addition the management is helped by the approach towards making an accurate and informed decision. The organization is able to identify complex process of businesses with TDABC support which make negotiation which customers possible (Carli Canavari, 2013). All areas of enterprise resources planning are covered by the system of TDABC and thus every transaction of the company is followed by accurate cost. Therefore an precise and correct picture in relation to the process of distribute cost to particular customers is shown by the approach (Hooze, 2013). The TDABC model can be updated easily with respect to the requirements of the company. The identification of cost opportunities is supported by the model of TDABC which leads to the enhancement of the overall process of production and well as the production capacity of organizations (Namazi, 2016). Form the above discussed point the feasibility of the TDABC is clearly shown. Where the TDABC is implemented in Biopharm Australia it will enhance the companys output and the production process through production cost reduction. The management of the company will be therefore provided with a proper insight in relation to companys nature of cost. Thus it can be evidently stated that the approach woud be suited to Biopharm Australia. Conclusion It is depicted through the above discussion that the process of TDABC has been initiated for the purpose of addressing the short coming of the traditional costing system and the ABC. The TDABC approach helps the developed equation towards the assignment of time and cost in activities by emphasizing on each activities objective. The TDABC provides for the inclusion of identifiable products which include the arbitral collection of expenses like depreciation, salaries and others which are identifiable in the TCS. An organization uses the TDABC system where there is a presence of high number of overheads as well as high amount of miscellaneous products. A need for accurate and highly reliable method in relation to operational cost management exists References Bing.com. (2018). Biopharm Australia | Australian Veterinary Association. [online] Available at: https://www.bing.com/cr?IG=0C11401183BE415E9C075CB3891E5C83CID=30FC2D3816156D6011F3264617BA6C93rd=1h=Aqg6lkMYQfTDXWWQ9mOXL5cpuBI76NnJwAp46EZkcvYv=1r=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ava.com.au%2fbain-fallon-2016-biopharmp=DevEx,5069.1 [Accessed 21 Jan. 2018]. Christopher, M. (2016).Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Cohen, M. X. (2014).Analyzing neural time series data: theory and practice. MIT Press. Cooper, R. (2017).Target costing and value engineering. Routledge. DRURY, C. M. (2013).Management and cost accounting. Springer. Emblemsvg, J., Bras, B. (2012).Activity-based cost and environmental management: a different approach to ISO 14000 compliance. Springer Science Business Media. Frazier, W. E. (2014). Metal additive manufacturing: a review.Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,23(6), 1917-1928. Hardan, A. S., Shatnawi, T. M. (2013). Impact of applying the ABC on improving the financial performance in telecom companies.International Journal of Business and Management,8(12), 48. Hill, A., Khoo, S., Fortunak, J., Simmons, B., Ford, N. (2014). Minimum costs for producing hepatitis C direct-acting antivirals for use in large-scale treatment access programs in developing countries.Clinical Infectious Diseases,58(7), 928-936. Hooze, S. (2013). Designing time-driven activity-based costing systems.The routledge companion to cost management, 126. Johnson, P. F. (2014).Purchasing and supply management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Kaplan, R. S., Witkowski, M., Abbott, M., Guzman, A. B., Higgins, L. D., Meara, J. G., ... Wertheimer, S. (2014). Using Time?Driven Activity?Based Costing to Identify Value Improvement Opportunities in Healthcare.Journal of Healthcare Management,59(6), 399-413. McLaughlin, N., Burke, M. A., Setlur, N. P., Niedzwiecki, D. R., Kaplan, A. L., Saigal, C., ... Kaplan, R. S. (2014). Time-driven activity-based costing: a driver for provider engagement in costing activities and redesign initiatives.Neurosurgical focus,37(5), E3. Namazi, M. (2016). Time-driven activity-based costing: Theory, applications and limitations.Iranian Journal of Management Studies,9(3), 457. ker, F., Ad?gzel, H. (2016). Time?driven activity?based costing: An implementation in a manufacturing company.Journal of Corporate Accounting Finance,27(3), 39-56. Rajabi, A., Dabiri, A. (2012). Applying activity based costing (ABC) method to calculate cost price in hospital and remedy services.Iranian journal of public health,41(4), 100. Rumble, G. (2012).The costs and economics of open and distance learning. Routledge. Rumble, G. (2012).The costs and economics of open and distance learning. Routledge. Schnsleben, P. (2016).Integral logistics management: operations and supply chain management within and across companies. CRC Press. Schulze, M., Seuring, S., Ewering, C. (2012). Applying activity-based costing in a supply chain environment.International Journal of Production Economics,135(2), 716-725. Siguenza-Guzman, L., Van den Abbeele, A., Vandewalle, J., Verhaaren, H., Cattrysse, D. (2014). Using Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing to support library management decisions: A case study for lending and returning processes.The Library Quarterly,84(1), 76-98. Warren, C. S., Jones, J. (2018).Corporate financial accounting. Cengage Learning. Weygandt, J. J., Kimmel, P. D., Kieso, D. E. (2015).Financial Managerial Accounting. John Wiley Sons. Zeng, X., McMahon, G. M., Brunelli, S. M., Bates, D. W., Waikar, S. S. (2014). Incidence, outcomes, and comparisons across definitions of AKI in hospitalized individuals.Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology,9(1), 12-2